Civilization of the ancient Egyptians or Pharaonic civilization is a civilization which in the north-east Africa, concentrated along the banks of the River Nile at the site of what is now Egypt. Originated the ancient Egyptian civilization around 3150 BC. AD. [1] with the political unification of the kingdoms of Upper and Lower Egypt under the reign of King Narmer founder of the First Dynasty. [2] divided the history of that civilization to several periods of stable known kingdoms, punctuated by periods of relative volatility known as the middle periods. Reached Ancient Egypt reached the peak of its power during the era of the modern state of Ramesses' reign, which was followed by a period of decay, and even Egypt was the occupation of foreign powers in the late period of the history of ancient Egypt. After the death of Alexander the Great, Ptolemy, one of the foundations of the commanders of Alexander the Ptolemaic state, which ruled Egypt until 30 BC. M., When it occupied the Romanian Empire to become a Roman province. [3]
Linked to the success of ancient Egyptian civilization, the ancient Egyptians part by the ability to adapt to the River Nile, Fastglua floods and used to irrigate the fertile valley to produce crops in abundance, which led to the growth of communities on the banks of the Nile. Ancient Egyptians were concerned also extracted the mineral wealth of the valley and desert areas surrounding it, and placed early in a separate system of writing to organize their agricultural, construction and trade with their surroundings, and established armies to protect them from their enemies and confirm the domination of Egypt. He was the organization and management of those activities a layer of bureaucratic elite of the scribes and religious leaders and administrators under the control of Pharaoh, to ensure the spirit of cooperation and unity among the members of the Egyptian
people. [4] [5]
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Included the achievements of the ancient Egyptians for their development of new technologies in the area of construction, which have facilitated the construction of tall buildings Kalohramat, temples and obelisks; renovated and new systems in the account, medicine, and irrigation, in addition to techniques for agricultural production. Also attributed to them at the oldest ships known, [6] and techniques for producing faience Egyptian glass, and the invention of new colors of literature, and held its first peace treaty known. [7] also left the Egyptian civilization legacy of great art and architecture is still of interest to many people around the world through the ages To date, leading to the emergence of a special flag is interested in studying scientific discoveries related to the ancient Egyptian civilization, which is known
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