السبت، 18 يونيو 2011

Ancient Egypt - Dynasty 4

The Fourth Dynasty of Ancient Egypt is called (the golden age).from 2613 to 2494 BC, 115 years. The capital at fourth dynasty time was Memphis. Fourth Dynasty is the height of Egyptian civilization ever, the family which has built the Pyramids of Giza, the most famous buildings in world history forever. Egypt was able to accomplish the ambitious feat of the Giza pyramids because there had been a long period of peace and no threats of invasion.

Giza Pyramids

The kings of third dynasty:

Sneferu
Khufu
Djedefre
Khafre
Menkaure
Shepseskaf

Palermo Stone Petrie Museum

Sneferu

Sneferu

Sneferu ruled Egypt of 2613 BC to 2589. He was the founder of the Fourth Dynasty in Egypt. He is the first king of the construction of the pyramid is real. Three famous pyramids associated with the name of King Senefru (Meidum Pyramid, Red Pyramid and Bent pyramids at Dahshur).This pyramids that survive to this day.

King Sneferu

Meidum Pyramid

Meidum Pyramid (this pyramid was possibly started by his predecessor Huni).

Meidum Pyramid

Meidum Pyramid (Google Earth)

Red Pyramid

Red Pyramid takes this name from the red limestone. Pyramid height 104m, base 220 m.

Red Pyramid

Red Pyramid (Google Earth)

The Bent Pyramid

The Bent Pyramid this pyramid built by Sneferu, height 101 m, base 188 m.

Bent Pyramid

Bent Pyramid (Google Earth)

Khufu

Khufu

Khufu was the second pharaoh of the Fourth Dynasty of Ancient Egypt's (Old Kingdom). He ruled from around 2589 to 2566 B.C. 23 years. Generally Khufu was accepted as being the builder of the Great Pyramid of Giza, one of the Seven Wonders of the Ancient World. Khufu's full name was (Khnum-Khufu) by the meaning (the god Khnum protects me).The history remembers Khufu, the Great Pyramid of Giza as a testament to his tremendous ability to coordinate hundreds of workers towards one purpose. It is through this fantastic architectural marvel that Khufu will be remembered as one of many famous Egyptian pharaohs.

King Khufu Egyptian museum

Great Pyramid

Great Pyramid is the oldest and largest of the three pyramids in the Giza. It is the oldest of the Seven Wonders of the Ancient World, and the only one still intact. Height 146m, long on each side 240m, and consists of 2,300,000 blocks of stone, each averaging 2 1/2 tons in weight. Great Pyramid was the tallest structure in the world for over 3,800 years.

Great Pyramid

Great Pyramid (Google Earth)

From the book Guide to the Pyramids of Egypt, by Alberto Siliotti, with preface by Zahi Hawass
The American University in Cairo Press
113 Kasr el Aini Street
Cairo Egypt
ISBN 977-424-446-X

Khufu's Solar Boat

Khufu's Solar Boat, it was built to carry a Pharaoh across the Nile. Now it rests in a solar boat museum beside Khufu pyramid. The boat measured 43.6m long by 5.9m wide; and it is around 45 tons.

Solar Boat

Solar Boat in Stamp

Solar Boat (Google Earth)

Solar Boat Museum

Solar Boat Museum (Google Earth)

Djedefre

Djedefre was the son and successor of Khufu. He ruled Egypt from 2528 BC, to 2520 BC. (8 years). His name meaning (enduring like Re). He built his pyramid at Abu-Rawash (8 kilometers north of Giza); the pyramid includes a statue of his wife in the form of a sphinx. The solar cult grew in power during his reign. His royal cemetery near of his pyramid and include about 50 mastaba tombs.

Djedefre - Louvre Museum

The pyramid of Djedefre

The pyramid of Djedefre
Djedefre, built his pyramid here 8km north of Giza near of Abu Rawash. The pyramid itself has a massive 49m channel cut into the bedrock to a 20m deep shaft.

Djedefre Pyramid

Djedefre Pyramid (Google Earth)

Khafre

Khafre

Khafra (Egyptian pharaoh of the Fourth dynasty) his name means (Appearing like Re), his reign between 2558 BC to 2532 BC, 26 years. Khafre was son of King Khufu, his capital at Memphis. We know little about his reign. But his pyramid at Giza the second largest known pyramid in Egypt is enough.

King Khafre Egyptian Museum - Cairo

The Pyramid of Khafre

The Pyramid of Khafre is beside the Great Pyramid of Khufu. Height 136 meters, base 215 meters and the weight of stones about 4,880,000 tons.

Khafre's Pyramid

Khafre's Pyramid (Google Earth)

The Great Sphinx

The Great Sphinx of Giza is the largest statue in the world and the oldest known statue in the world (mythical creature with a lion's body and a human head). Length is 74 meters; width is 6 meters, height is 21 meters, built by King Khafre.

Great Sphinx

Great Sphinx (Google Earth)

Menkaure

Menkaure

His name mean (Eternal like the Souls of Re), ruling from 2532 B.C to 2503 B.C,(29 years). He was the son of King Khafre, and he married his sister Khamerernebti 2. His pyramid is the smallest pyramids at Giza.

Menkaure and Queen

Menkaure's Pyramid

Menkaure's Pyramid at Giza is the smallest Pyramids of Giza. It was built to be the tomb of the Pharaoh Menkaure. Height is 67 meters. Length is 61 meters. Base is 108 meters.